Federal Retirement Experts logo

How Income Taxes Impact Your Retirement Accounts

By Lee Dailey, RIA


Tax Season has arrived, and the time is now to prepare this year’s taxes. While you’re at it, you can plan for the impacts of income taxes on the withdrawals, RMDs, and rollovers involved in your retirement accounts. These accounts may include your Thrift Savings Plan (TSP), IRA, 401ks from other employers, your FERS pension, and even Social Security in some cases.


Taxes and your TSP


Depending on whether you chose a Roth or traditional TSP, you will have differing levels of tax liability. But because matching contributions always go to a traditional TSP account, you will almost certainly experience some tax liability on your TSP account. Additionally, unless you are becoming disabled or are withdrawing for a qualified reason, early withdrawals from TSP will be subject to an additional 10% tax. If you meet your service and age requirements, you can avoid this additional tax. Your funds will grow tax-deferred while you are working until you begin to take withdrawals.


401ks and IRAs


The Roth vs. Traditional options also applies to these retirement savings accounts. In a traditional retirement account, tax is deferred when you contribute, lowering your overall tax liability now, but taxes are payable once the money is withdrawn. Roth investment accounts allow you to pay taxes on the money now in exchange for tax-free withdrawals after retirement. Traditional accounts are also subject to Required Minimum Distributions, or RMDs.


RMDs


At age 73, if you are separated from service, your Traditional TSP, 401ks, and IRA will all require you to begin taking minimum disbursements, in order to ensure taxes on the money are eventually paid. These lump-sum payments are considered ordinary income and may unfavorably impact your tax outlook for that year if they are not well-prepared for. You can withdraw these amounts slowly over time to even out the hit you will take on taxes the year you turn 73. You will be required to take this amount on April 1st of the year you turn 73, and December 31 every year thereafter, but be sure to get your paperwork in well in advance. If you take too long to file, you may meet a backlog that delays processing and be subject to financial consequences.


FERS Pension/Annuity


The money that comes to you through your FERS pension is also considered regular income for tax purposes. You should be prepared to pay your typical income taxes on this money. Since these funds are taxed in the same way as wages, be prepared for state income tax liabilities as well if you live in a state that taxes retirement.


Social Security Income


Your Social Security Income can be taxable Federally if it falls over a certain amount, depending on your “provisional income”. The IRS taxes your provisional income based on your Adjusted Gross Income, plus tax-exempt interest, plus half of your Social Security income. Once you have calculated your provisional income, the following thresholds apply (from irs.gov):


“Single filers with provisional income between $25,000 and $34,000, or married couples filing jointly with provisional income between $32,000 and $44,000, may have up to 50% of their Social Security benefits subject to federal income tax.


Single filers with provisional income above $34,000, or married couples filing jointly with provisional income above $44,000, may have up to 85% of their Social Security benefits subject to Federal income tax.”


Please be aware that each of these income tax categories is interdependent and unique to each state, person, and household situation. You will want to seek the advice of a tax professional as you create a full picture of your tax liabilities and mitigation strategies in retirement. Meanwhile, a Retirement Coach can help get you started with these questions and help you gather the information you need to take to your chosen tax professional. Click here to set up an appointment with your retirement coach today!


More Featured Articles

thumbnail of money bridging gap
October 25, 2024
The Federal Employees Retirement System (FERS) Supplement, also known as the Special Retirement Supplement (SRS), is a valuable benefit for eligible federal employees who retire before age 62. However, many retirees are surprised to learn that this supplement is subject to an earnings test, which can reduce or eliminate the benefit based on post-retirement income. Understanding how this earnings test works is crucial for federal retirees planning their financial future.
premium hike thumbnail
October 9, 2024
Federal workers are bracing for a significant increase in their health insurance costs come 2025. The Office of Personnel Management (OPM) has announced that Federal Employees Health Benefits (FEHB) program premiums will rise by an average of 13.5% next year. This marks the largest increase in almost two decades and comes on the heels of already substantial hikes in recent years.
thumbnail image of retired woman holding social security check
September 25, 2024
Social Security benefits play a crucial role in the financial security of millions of Americans during retirement. However, navigating the complex system of rules and regulations surrounding Social Security can be challenging. This guide aims to help you understand the key aspects of Social Security and provide strategies to maximize your benefits.
thumbnail of a couple holding map together
August 30, 2024
Insights and Strategies for Federal Employees
image of couple with umbrella
August 5, 2024
So, what exactly is Indexed Universal Life (IUL) insurance? Well, it's a type of permanent life insurance that offers a cash value component in addition to a death benefit. Unlike traditional whole life insurance, which offers a fixed interest rate, IUL insurance allows policyholders to potentially earn returns based on the performance of a market index, such as the S&P 500. This means that your cash value has the opportunity to grow at a faster rate than with a traditional whole life policy. Pretty cool, right?
image of air traffic controller
July 19, 2024
What are the age and service requirements to retire from the federal government? Read this blog to understand the latest federal employee retirement requirements.
image of money burning
June 7, 2024
For a long time, inflation was an afterthought when it came to retirement planning. People often focused on saving a specific nest egg, diversifying their investments, and estimating future expenses, paying little attention to inflation. This once-overlooked economic factor has taken center stage, commanding the attention it deserves. The average inflation rate over the last century in the United States has hovered around 3%, demonstrating that inflation is a persistent force that can’t be ignored. When planning for retirement, individuals often create spending plans based on their anticipated expenses. They calculate how much they will need each year to maintain their desired standard of living. What many fail to account for is the corrosive effect of inflation. Higher non-transitory inflation rates can swiftly erode the purchasing power of retirees’ savings. In a matter of a few years, the dollars they saved diligently over decades may lose a significant portion of their value. This can force retirees to make difficult choices, such as cutting back on essential expenses or dipping into their principal savings, both of which can have dire consequences for the sustainability of their retirement funds. To protect a retirement plan from the ravages of inflation, it’s essential to incorporate inflation-adjusted strategies. This may involve investing in assets that historically outpace inflation, like stocks or real estate, and considering annuities or other financial instruments designed to provide reliable income streams that can grow with the cost of living. Additionally, it is crucial to periodically reassess your retirement plan to ensure it remains aligned with your evolving needs and the changing economic landscape. By acknowledging the real threat of inflation and adapting your retirement plan accordingly, you can enhance your financial security and maintain a comfortable lifestyle throughout your retirement years. Find other ways to cut costs in retirement to mitigate inflation's impact. Consider moving to a state with no income or sales taxes, paying off your mortgage, or downsizing to a smaller home. Reducing your debt now, while the US Dollar maintains its current buying power, will significantly lessen inflation's effect on your finances. Plan Ahead for a Comfortable Retirement When preparing your retirement plan, make sure to account for inflation's effects on your portfolio and budget. The steps you take now can help you achieve the retirement of your dreams. If you need personalized advice, our retirement coaches are available to assist you. Federal Retirement Experts offers a 3-Step Retirement Plan for federal employees. We'll work with you to create a personalized strategy that helps you navigate separation and sail smoothly into a financially secure retirement. We provide federal employees aged 50 and older with our free Federal Employee Benefits Analysis . This report is your tool to plan ahead and help you to better plan for retirement. To get connected with one of Federal Retirement Experts’ retirement coaches, schedule a no cost, 30-minute consultation . Our expert coaches will answer your CSRS, FERS and TSP questions, explain how your federal benefits work in retirement, and calculate a projected retirement income.
image of tax form, government check, and 100 dollar bills
May 24, 2024
Federal employees have a fantastic benefits package, but maximizing tax advantages requires strategic planning. Beyond the basics of the Thrift Savings Plan (TSP), let's explore advanced tax strategies to optimize your tax savings and retirement security in 2024. Leveraging Roth: Start Funding Roth TSP : Federal employees with significant time until retirement should consider funding a Roth TSP. This lets contributions grow tax-free, so no taxes are paid when money is withdrawn in retirement. Tax Bracket Optimization : Contributing to a Roth TSP allows people to pay taxes on contributions now, potentially at a lower tax bracket than they may be in retirement, maximizing tax-free growth over time. Health Savings Accounts (HSAs): Triple Tax Advantage : HSAs offer a powerful tax advantage. Contributions are pre-tax, reducing your taxable income. Earnings grow tax-free, and qualified withdrawals for medical expenses are also tax-free. It's a triple tax benefit! Eligibility : To qualify for an HSA, you must be enrolled in a high-deductible health plan (HDHP) offered by your federal employee health insurance program. Maximize Contributions : While contribution limits change annually, aim to contribute the maximum allowed to your HSA. This allows you to save for current medical expenses and grow funds tax-free for future healthcare needs.
image of house next to a  a piggy bank that is standing on loose coins and is growing a plant out of
May 1, 2024
Decoding Retirement and Tax Planning for Federal Employees in 2024
More Posts
Share by: